Claudia Sheinbaum, the president of Mexico, stood beneath a large Mexican flag and earlier than troops at a army set up in Mexico Metropolis. It was Flag Day final month and he or she used her speech as a possibility to, figuratively and actually, rally round it.
“Mexico have to be revered,” she said, including later: “Its persons are courageous. We all know that when our folks unite round their historical past, their nation and their flag, there isn’t any power on this planet that may break their spirit.”
Instances had modified, she mentioned: Mexico wouldn’t bow all the way down to international governments.
Given the circumstances — President Trump’s steep tariffs towards Mexico went into impact within the first minutes of Tuesday — Ms. Sheinbaum’s optics have been becoming. As Mr. Trump as soon as once more focused Mexico, utilizing the hammer of tariffs as a negotiating software, a way of Mexican nationalism has been strengthened.
The Mexican authorities and companies have rekindled a “Made in Mexico” campaign. Some Mexicans have called for boycotts of U.S. firms and merchandise, whereas others have put collectively lists of Mexican stores and brands to assist as a substitute of American ones.
Ms. Sheinbaum is often featured on the entrance web page of native newspapers with members of the nation’s army or in entrance of a large Mexican flag. Non-public firms have taken out nationalistic ads, one that includes the president main the plenty and carrying a banner saying, “Mexico united, by no means defeated!”
And Ms. Sheinbaum, who has been making an attempt to steadiness a pro-Mexico drumbeat whereas advocating cooperative dialogue with American officers, has seen her approval scores rise as excessive as 80 p.c, in response to one poll. She has not solely succeeded a preferred president, Andres Manuel López Obrador, who reshaped Mexican politics and was her mentor, however has come into her personal at a time of world upheaval underneath Mr. Trump.
“There’s a whole lot of assist for the president now,” mentioned Juan Manuel Sánchez, 57, an artisan in Mexico Metropolis who additionally praised Ms. Sheinbaum’s crackdown on drug trafficking.
Throughout his first time period, Mr. Trump used tariffs to renegotiate the North American Free Commerce Settlement and strike a brand new U.S.-Mexico-Canada settlement, which he signed in 2020. He has used comparable ways now towards Mexico and Canada, whereas arguing that too many unlawful medicine and migrants are flowing from the 2 international locations into the USA.
A month in the past, Mr. Trump signed an government order calling for 25 p.c tariffs on Mexican imports. However lower than a day earlier than they have been to enter impact, Mr. Trump and Ms. Sheinbaum spoke on the telephone and introduced an agreement to delay them for 30 days.
Underneath the phrases of that deal, Mexico posted a further 10,000 Mexican Nationwide Guards troops on the border to assist stem the movement of fentanyl and migrants into the USA. In return, Ms. Sheinbaum mentioned, the U.S. authorities would work to cease the movement of weapons into Mexico.
Although the variety of migrant crossings on the southern border has dropped to once unthinkable levels since Mr. Trump took workplace in January, Mexican officers have been significantly deterring migration to the USA months earlier than. Final week, Mexico despatched nearly 30 prime cartel operatives needed by American authorities to the USA, one of many largest such handovers within the historical past of the drug struggle.
“There’s a whole lot of unity within the nation within the face of what’s taking place,” together with Mr. Trump’s financial threats, Ms. Sheinbaum mentioned on Monday, hours earlier than the tariffs took impact.
Though Mr. Trump insisted on Monday that the tariffs would start the subsequent day, the cloud over Mexico from the north has loomed since his most up-to-date presidential marketing campaign. It led to uncertainty and frustration but in addition boosted nationwide pleasure.
Agustin Barrios Gómez, a former Mexican congressman and a founding member of the nonprofit Mexican Council on Overseas Relations, mentioned that even Mexicans who didn’t vote for Ms. Sheinbaum “perceive that proper now, Mexico’s nationwide curiosity — past get together politics — is to rally round our president.”
One purpose for the surge in assist for her, Mr. Barrios Gómez mentioned, was to make sure Ms. Sheinbaum has sufficient political capital throughout the nation to be in a stronger negotiating place with Mr. Trump come what might.
Nationalism is difficult in Mexico, Mr. Barrios Gómez mentioned, as a result of it’s so intricately intertwined with the USA geographically, culturally and economically, in addition to with immigration and safety.
“We aren’t neighbors, we’re roommates,” he mentioned. In different phrases, analysts mentioned, the U.S. tariffs towards Mexico will harm each economies, as would the reciprocal tariffs recommended by Ms. Sheinbaum. (Mr. Trump can be threatening separate 25 p.c tariffs on international metal and aluminum imports, which might have an effect on Mexico.)
For Mexico, the tipping level towards the USA has not been reached, Mr. Barrios Gómez mentioned late final week earlier than the tariffs went into impact, however “if you happen to name somebody your enemy sufficient, you may simply flip them into one.”
The specter of a commerce struggle between the international locations has modified the notion in Mexico of Mr. Trump and of its relationship with the USA.
In line with the Mexican polling movie Buendía & Marquéz, the variety of respondents in Mexico who believed the connection between Ms. Sheibaum and Mr. Trump was at the very least good dropped considerably between final November and February, whereas the variety of respondents who’ve a adverse opinion of Mr. Trump jumped to 80 p.c in mid-February from 66 p.c in early January.
Mr. Trump has nonetheless praised Ms. Sheinbaum as a “marvelous woman” whereas mocking Canada’s prime minister, Justin Trudeau. Mr. Trudeau, who has turn into more and more unpopular at dwelling, is coming into his final days in office whereas Ms. Sheinbaum’s standard basis is stronger. She resoundingly won election final summer season and commenced her six-year time period in October.
Throughout her Monday morning information convention, Ms. Sheinbaum as soon as once more known as for calm forward of Mr. Trump’s tariffs deadline and mentioned she hoped to strike a last-minute deal, which didn’t materialize. “Clearly we don’t need there to be tariffs,” she mentioned, including that her authorities would reply.
Since earlier than Mr. Trump’s inauguration, her administration has been selling what it calls “Plan Mexico,” a technique meant to diversify its economic system to make it much less depending on the USA, to reinvigorate Mexican manufacturing and propel the nation to turn into one of many world’s prime 10 economies. (It’s at the moment the fifteenth largest, according to the Worldwide Financial Fund.)
As a part of that effort, Ms. Sheinbaum’s administration began the “Made in Mexico” drive, by which an official seal is positioned on merchandise made within the nation that meet sure requirements. The seal, with an illustration of a Mexican eagle, was created in 1978 to advertise Mexican items and has been revived by presidents over time.
Because the threatened U.S. tariffs have been paused a month in the past, Mexico’s secretary of economic system, Marcelo Ebrard, informed firms that the federal government needed to as soon as once more push the “Made in Mexico” seal.
Final week, Walmart Mexico, the most important personal employer within the nation with 200,000 employees, unveiled its efforts to place the “Made in Mexico” seal — with the added phrase “proudly” — within the aisles of its 3,000 shops all through the nation. Though Walmart is an American model, Javier Treviño, Walmart Mexico’s senior vp of company affairs, mentioned the corporate needed to point out prospects that it’s a Mexican entity and that many of the merchandise it sells are made throughout the nation.
The marketing campaign “is essential for us as a result of we’ve got to strengthen funding and confidence in Mexico and be certain that the economic system can develop, as a result of the setting isn’t simple,” Mr. Treviño, a former Mexican congressman, mentioned in an interview.
Different large firms have joined Ms. Sheinbaum’s push, together with Grupo Modelo, the brewing big that makes Corona and Modelo beers, which announced it could put new “Made in Mexico” caps on bottles.
On Saturday, Mr. Sánchez, the Mexico Metropolis artisan, was at his neighborhood market, which, he mentioned, proved that he prefers to buy domestically. Earlier than Mr. Trump’s tariffs went into impact, he mentioned he may think about boycotting U.S. firms and merchandise in the event that they did.
In contrast to in Canada, the place locals have been shunning American merchandise and shopping for more Canadian flags since Mr. Trump threatened the tariffs, Mr. Sánchez mentioned that Mexicans have been already nationalistic and that almost all had a flag.
“However when one thing very critical occurs right here,” he mentioned, “all of us unite.”
Maria Abi-Habib contributed reporting from Mexico Metropolis.
