Mexico braced for the worst when President Trump threatened steep tariffs on its exports. However as a deadline looms, Mexico’s leaders hope they’ve discovered a components for staving off tariffs by shifting decisively on a number of fronts to appease Mr. Trump.
Specializing in Mr. Trump’s complaints over migration and illicit medication, President Claudia Sheinbaum is deploying 10,000 troops to discourage migrants from reaching the USA, constructing on efforts to interrupt up migrant caravans and busing migrants to places removed from the border.
Ms. Sheinbaum can be handing over to the USA dozens of prime cartel operatives and accepting intelligence from C.I.A. drone flights to seize others. Breaking along with her predecessor, who falsely claimed that Mexico didn’t manufacture fentanyl, she is unleashing a crackdown leading to record seizures of the drug.
On the similar time, Mexico’s leaders are imposing their very own tariffs and restrictions on a variety of Chinese language imports, in search of to influence Mr. Trump that Mexico, and its low-cost industrial base, is usually a strategic associate to blunt China’s financial sway.
Mr. Trump continues to be vowing to impose 25 p.c tariffs on Tuesday. However Mexico’s monetary markets stay calm, reflecting expectations within the nation’s enterprise institution that Ms. Sheinbaum can discover a approach to strike a deal.
“The best way she’s been in a position to handle this disaster has been far superior than every other chief,” stated Diego Marroquín Bitar, a scholar who makes a speciality of North American commerce on the Wilson Heart, a Washington analysis group.
Mr. Trump praised Ms. Sheinbaum as a “marvelous woman” after talking along with her in February.
Ms. Sheinbaum has combined her conciliatory public strikes to appease Mr. Trump, similar to deploying troops, with better safety cooperation behind the scenes and a modest dose of pushback in opposition to Mr. Trump on topics like renaming the Gulf of Mexico.
It’s not a straightforward balancing act for Ms. Sheinbaum, whilst her approval rating has soared to 80 p.c. Skepticism of Mr. Trump’s xenophobic politics runs deep each in Mexican society and inside Morena, Ms. Sheinbaum’s political social gathering, which blends nationalist and leftist beliefs.
After decades of integration, Mexico depends on commerce with the USA greater than every other main economic system. Tariffs, even when imposed briefly, might deal a blow, economists warn.
Mr. Trump can be threatening separate 25 p.c tariffs on world metal and aluminum imports, which might additionally have an effect on Mexico. And the Trump administration is formulating further “reciprocal” tariffs aimed toward offsetting commerce restrictions and matching the import duties charged by different international locations.
The uncertainty over tariffs is already weighing on Mexico’s economic system as corporations put plans on maintain. The central financial institution slashed its progress projection to 0.6 p.c for this 12 months from 1.2 p.c.
Nonetheless, Mr. Trump’s repeated threats and subsequent pullback on these threats have nurtured hopes that tensions might ease. He initially vowed to impose the tariffs on his first day in workplace, however then backtracked twice.
Mexican negotiators are in Washington to fulfill with Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick and Jamieson Greer, the U.S. commerce consultant, in a bid to achieve a last-minute deal.
Listed here are three areas the place Mexico is mobilizing to align with the Trump administration’s priorities.
Curbing Migration
Mexico’s pledge to ship 10,000 further Nationwide Guard members to the U.S. border was cited as a win by Mr. Trump in early February, when he paused imposing tariffs for 30 days.
For months, Mexico had already been dismantling migrant caravans properly earlier than they reached border cities and increasing a shadowy program that transported 1000’s of migrants to locations deep in Mexico’s inside.
Mexico detained about 475,000 migrants within the final quarter of 2024, in response to authorities figures, greater than double the quantity detained within the first 9 months of the 12 months.
The border was already exceptionally quiet earlier than Mr. Trump took workplace in January, reflecting Mexico’s enforcement measures and the Biden administration’s asylum restrictions.
The Trump administration’s new efforts to choke off migration flows, together with Mexico’s troop deployment, are making it even more durable for migrants to enter the USA.
Migrant crossings have dropped to as soon as unthinkable ranges. At one level in February, U.S. personnel on the Mexican border encountered solely 200 migrants in a single day, the bottom such determine in latest historical past.
If the development holds on an annualized foundation, Border Patrol apprehensions might decline to ranges final seen almost 60 years in the past across the finish of the Johnson administration, in response to Adam Isacson, a migration professional on the Washington Workplace on Latin America.
Mexico has sought to crack down on cartels producing illicit narcotics, particularly fentanyl, the artificial opioid that Mr. Trump has cited because the main reason behind overdose deaths in the USA.
Marking a break from previous insurance policies, when cartels managed to supply fentanyl with negligible interference from the authorities, Mexican officers have been asserting new seizures of fentanyl capsules regularly in latest weeks.
These strikes embody the capture final week of six kilos of fentanyl at Mexico Metropolis’s new worldwide airport, in a bundle being despatched to New Jersey. That adopted the discovery of 18 kilograms of fentanyl hidden in a passenger bus within the northwestern border state of Sonora.
In December, shortly after Mr. Trump started threatening Mexico with tariffs, the authorities made a colossal seizure of 800 kilograms of fentanyl in Sinaloa state, Mexico’s largest seize of artificial opioids.
In February, Mexican authorities in Puerto Vallarta additionally arrested two Americans who confronted arrest warrants in the USA for trafficking fentanyl. Each have been extradited to Oklahoma.
Mexico adopted up on Thursday by sending to the USA almost 30 prime cartel operatives wished by American authorities, one of many largest such handovers within the historical past of the drug struggle.
The strikes are aimed each at avoiding tariffs and army intervention by the USA, which Mr. Trump has threatened to take in opposition to drug cartels working in Mexico.
Andrés Manuel López Obrador, Ms. Sheinbaum’s mentor and predecessor as president, had limited anti-narcotics cooperation with United States. Ms. Sheinbaum seems to be taking a distinct method.
Better enforcement might probably contribute to lowering overdose deaths in the USA, which have already been on the decline.
In what might be a promising signal for Mexican negotiators in search of a deal on tariffs, overdose deaths fell about 24 p.c within the 12-month interval ending September 2024, in contrast with the identical interval the earlier 12 months, the U.S. Facilities for Illness Management and Prevention stated.
Countering China
Commerce between China and Mexico had been surging, fueling issues that China might use its foothold in Mexico to achieve better entry to U.S. markets. A 12 months in the past, transport from China to Mexico was one of many world’s fastest growing trade routes.
However now Mexico is overhauling its ties with China, its second-largest buying and selling associate. Simply days after Mr. Trump first vowed to impose tariffs, the authorities raided an enormous complicated of shops in downtown Mexico Metropolis promoting counterfeit Chinese language items.
Then Mexico imposed a 35 p.c tariff on Chinese language attire imports, whereas additionally focusing on Chinese language on-line retailers like Shein and Temu by implementing a 19 p.c tariff on items imported by way of courier corporations originating from China.
Nonetheless, with varied tariff threats on the horizon, Mexico might do extra to placate the Trump administration by shifting to curb the import of merchandise like semiconductors or cars, that are shortly making inroads in an vital marketplace for U.S. automotive producers.
